Стиль «Ямато-э»
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Этот характерный для китайской живописи стиль берет свое начало в 1644 году, когда Китай оказался под господством маньчжурской династии Цин. В этот период большое количество китайцев вынуждены были переселиться в Японию. Бежав из Китая, они взяли с собой самое дорогое для них - иллюстрированные книги и картины. Содержание этих книг вызвало в Японии интерес.
Монах Тенсю Сюбун (начало XV в.) и его прославленный ученик Сэссю Тойо (1420–1506) глубоко внедрили в японское художественное сознание это китайское видение живописи и мира. В этот период и появляется стиль ямато-э. В этом стиле соединяются живопись в «японском стиле» с китайской абстракцией – живописью ярких красок и старинной национальной традицией.
Подлинная школа ямато-э использует главным образом минеральные краски, которые смешиваются с клеем. Интенсивность полученного цвета зависит от тонкости порошка: чем тоньше порошок, тем светлее цвет. Наложенные на плоскость, то есть на основу шелка или бумаги, эти цвета становятся интенсивнее, глубже, усиленные стремлением к идеализму — общей направленностью японских художников, не слишком озабоченных достижением точного сходства.
Как и китайская живопись, японская, за исключением отдельных портретов, мало использует тень. Если потребность в этом оказывается настоятельной, то используют прием, который называется каэригума и состоит в том, чтобы еще больше высветлить именно светлые фрагменты, вместо того чтобы усилить тень.
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Sandberg managed the Phillies' Triple-A team at Lehigh Valley the previous two seasons. He was part of one the most lopsided trades in baseball history when the Phillies traded him and Bowa to the Cubs for shortstop Ivan DeJesus in 1982.
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Boston Scientific said the restructuring program will resultin pre-tax charges of about $175 million to $225 million. Itexpects to take a restructuring charge of about $30 million inthe current quarter.
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New teams appearing in the game include the Brazilian National Team, new licenses for the Argentinean Primera División and Chilean Primera División. In all the game will contain 33 licensed leagues, more than 600 clubs and some 16,000 players.
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The big four international accounting firms -- KPMG, PriceWaterhouseCoopers, Deloitte and Ernst & Young, along with companies such asControl Risks, FTI Consulting and Kroll are among the largestoperating in China.
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YENAGOA, Nigeria, Aug 23 (Reuters) - Royal Dutch Shell's Nigerian unit is containing an oil spill in the NigerDelta, the company said on Friday, after the military reportedliquid "jetting" out of a pipeline.
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Transportation Secretary Anthony Foxx released the data as he kicked off a new effort to reduce pedestrian deaths. There were 4,432 pedestrian fatalities in 2011, the latest year for which data is available. That was up 3 percent from the previous year.
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"You cannot be a great speaker unless you are a great doer," Walter Russell Mead wrote in the Wall Street Journal recently, citing Obama's inaction on Syria and Iran after soaring speeches invoking freedom from tyranny and universal values. "Quit thinking of speechmaking as an act in itself," Mead advised the president," and begin to think of it as the verbal expression of an action already under way."
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âI donât think heâs going to be moving up to 160,â Schaefer said of Mayweather. âI just donât see it happening because Floyd is really a 147-pounder. For a fight or two he might be moving to 154, but heâs not a middleweight.â
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