Стиль «Ямато-э»
27 января 2017, 07:53
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Этот характерный для китайской живописи стиль берет свое начало в 1644 году, когда Китай оказался под господством маньчжурской династии Цин. В этот период большое количество китайцев вынуждены были переселиться в Японию. Бежав из Китая, они взяли с собой самое дорогое для них - иллюстрированные книги и картины. Содержание этих книг вызвало в Японии интерес.
Монах Тенсю Сюбун (начало XV в.) и его прославленный ученик Сэссю Тойо (1420–1506) глубоко внедрили в японское художественное сознание это китайское видение живописи и мира. В этот период и появляется стиль ямато-э. В этом стиле соединяются живопись в «японском стиле» с китайской абстракцией – живописью ярких красок и старинной национальной традицией.
Подлинная школа ямато-э использует главным образом минеральные краски, которые смешиваются с клеем. Интенсивность полученного цвета зависит от тонкости порошка: чем тоньше порошок, тем светлее цвет. Наложенные на плоскость, то есть на основу шелка или бумаги, эти цвета становятся интенсивнее, глубже, усиленные стремлением к идеализму — общей направленностью японских художников, не слишком озабоченных достижением точного сходства.
Как и китайская живопись, японская, за исключением отдельных портретов, мало использует тень. Если потребность в этом оказывается настоятельной, то используют прием, который называется каэригума и состоит в том, чтобы еще больше высветлить именно светлые фрагменты, вместо того чтобы усилить тень.
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Steinway said on Tuesday that private equity firm Kohlberg & Co, which agreed to a deal with Steinway in July for $35 per share, had waived its right to match or beat Paulson's offer, which represents a premium of 31.4 percent to Steinway's share price prior to the Kohlberg offer.
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It was correctly reported Baines would have liked to go, but it says much about his character that there was only a tentative, almost half-hearted move to make those feelings public just before the transfer window closed, such is his respect for Everton and Evertonians.
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The difference is most significant in cities where football is a big part of the culture. In place like Green Bay, Philadelphia, or Pittsburgh, people were more likely to identify personally with their teams. Instead of saying, âThe Steelers lost,â theyâll say, âWe lost.â
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The settlement with Rentbro prohibits the defendants from sending spam texts to consumers and misleading them by saying they have won gifts or prizes or that a product is "free" or without cost or obligation, the FTC said.
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