Стиль «Ямато-э»
27 января 2017, 07:53
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Этот характерный для китайской живописи стиль берет свое начало в 1644 году, когда Китай оказался под господством маньчжурской династии Цин. В этот период большое количество китайцев вынуждены были переселиться в Японию. Бежав из Китая, они взяли с собой самое дорогое для них - иллюстрированные книги и картины. Содержание этих книг вызвало в Японии интерес.
Монах Тенсю Сюбун (начало XV в.) и его прославленный ученик Сэссю Тойо (1420–1506) глубоко внедрили в японское художественное сознание это китайское видение живописи и мира. В этот период и появляется стиль ямато-э. В этом стиле соединяются живопись в «японском стиле» с китайской абстракцией – живописью ярких красок и старинной национальной традицией.
Подлинная школа ямато-э использует главным образом минеральные краски, которые смешиваются с клеем. Интенсивность полученного цвета зависит от тонкости порошка: чем тоньше порошок, тем светлее цвет. Наложенные на плоскость, то есть на основу шелка или бумаги, эти цвета становятся интенсивнее, глубже, усиленные стремлением к идеализму — общей направленностью японских художников, не слишком озабоченных достижением точного сходства.
Как и китайская живопись, японская, за исключением отдельных портретов, мало использует тень. Если потребность в этом оказывается настоятельной, то используют прием, который называется каэригума и состоит в том, чтобы еще больше высветлить именно светлые фрагменты, вместо того чтобы усилить тень.
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It was Assad's second question and answer session with an American network this month. In the earlier interview televised by PBS and CBS on September 9, Assad denied he was behind a chemical weapons attack outside Damascus on August 21.
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âTwisting the facts to advance a political agenda does a disservice to those who lost their lives and those who have devoted the past year to understanding what happened and implementing security procedures to make certain it does not happen again," Frantz added. "The ARB report did not find that any individual willfully ignored his or her responsibilities or engaged in misconduct; it did not find that anyone breached his or her duty so as to be subject to termination or other discipline. It did, however, identify leadership deficiencies on the part of four employees"
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Before the 80-minute delay several of the early starters, including a trio of former Masters champions Fijian Vijay Singh (2000) and South Africans Charl Schwartzel (2011) and Trevor Immelman (2008) had already mounted charges.
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PARIS/LONDON, July 9 (Reuters) - Morocco wants Gulf telecomoperator Etisalat to take on a local partner as acondition of backing its bid for a 53 percent stake in MarocTelecom, three sources familiar with the matter said.
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For example, if the Netflix shares, which Icahn sold atbetween $304.23 and $341.44 to reap a profit of about $800million, continue to climb to say $500 then Icahn would havemissed out on a much bigger potential gain of about $1.3billion. He would pay the Sargon portfolio a large part of thedifference - through a complex calculation that includesassumptions, a hurdle, and is also related to the shares' valueat the end of March this year. The agreement expires in August2016.
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"The markets went home on Friday expecting a deal would beimminent. While there's a heap of conciliatory language around,there's no deal yet," said Sam Tuck, currency strategist at ANZBank in Auckland.
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"One is to study whether they brought the water to Earth. It's thought that the water that is now on the Earth is not a remnant from the time of formation of our planet but was delivered later when it was cool enough to retain it.
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