Стиль «Ямато-э»
27 января 2017, 07:53
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Этот характерный для китайской живописи стиль берет свое начало в 1644 году, когда Китай оказался под господством маньчжурской династии Цин. В этот период большое количество китайцев вынуждены были переселиться в Японию. Бежав из Китая, они взяли с собой самое дорогое для них - иллюстрированные книги и картины. Содержание этих книг вызвало в Японии интерес.
Монах Тенсю Сюбун (начало XV в.) и его прославленный ученик Сэссю Тойо (1420–1506) глубоко внедрили в японское художественное сознание это китайское видение живописи и мира. В этот период и появляется стиль ямато-э. В этом стиле соединяются живопись в «японском стиле» с китайской абстракцией – живописью ярких красок и старинной национальной традицией.
Подлинная школа ямато-э использует главным образом минеральные краски, которые смешиваются с клеем. Интенсивность полученного цвета зависит от тонкости порошка: чем тоньше порошок, тем светлее цвет. Наложенные на плоскость, то есть на основу шелка или бумаги, эти цвета становятся интенсивнее, глубже, усиленные стремлением к идеализму — общей направленностью японских художников, не слишком озабоченных достижением точного сходства.
Как и китайская живопись, японская, за исключением отдельных портретов, мало использует тень. Если потребность в этом оказывается настоятельной, то используют прием, который называется каэригума и состоит в том, чтобы еще больше высветлить именно светлые фрагменты, вместо того чтобы усилить тень.
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I’ve written before about growing up with touch interfaces, and how the next generation of users will be comfortable moving beyond the basic conventions that most of us are just getting used to. But it goes beyond the consumers, it’s also about the next generation of builders. The iPhone and the App Store democratized and accelerated independent software publishing in a massive way. It put college students and hackers on (relatively) even footing alongside giants of software like Microsoft or Google.
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ââHow can folks be satisfied with income verification being put into place?â asks a top House conservative aide. âThat was already law of the land, and the administration just chose to delay it. Just another thing that I think McConnell can be dinged on. I just donât see how there can be widespread support for this in the conference in the House, and I am amazed at how much bad blood has developed between House and Senate Republicans the past few days.ââ
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Hermes speculated that "Paul and others' lack of education is the primary cause of our federal marijuana policy, based more on emotion and moral indignation rather than public health and medical science."
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Caffeine consumption was calculated from coffee and other sources, including tea, caffeinated soft drinks, and chocolate. Coffee was the major caffeine source, however, at 80 percent for NHS, 71 percent for NHS II, and 79 percent for HPFS.
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Unlike some past airline deals, American and US Air have not claimed that the merger is necessary to allow American to emerge from bankruptcy. Instead they have argued the combination will provide customers with better travel options because of the larger network.
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"That's what happens in a two-party system when a party fractures," says Indiana University Professor Marjorie Hershey, author of Party Politics in America. "It throws the election to the other candidate."
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While Scouts will be roughing it outdoors, Hartley said walking won't be that rough. It's 1.5 miles from the furthest tent to the center of activity at the Summit, compared to 3 miles at Fort A.P. Hill.
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A judge is expected to rule on Saturday on those defendants' requests for lenient sentences, no longer than about two years. In Italy, sentences are often suspended in the cases of first time offenders that result in punishments of a just a few years or less.
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The IMF and authorities in Athens estimate the country facesa funding gap of nearly 11 billion euros for 2014-15. TheEuropean Commission puts the gap at 3.8 billion euros for 2014alone, while the IMF estimates it will be 4.4 billion euros.
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Uralkali and Belarus potash maker Belaruskali were partnersfor eight years in BPC, which accounts for 43 percent of theglobal potash export market. Uralkali said it had left theventure because Belaruskali made a number of key fertilizeringredient deliveries outside the partnership.
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Following the attacks on New York's World Trade Center and the Pentagon in Washington, D.C. on September 11, 2001, the trade group surveyed mall shoppers about their views on such ideas. "Unless there was an immediate threat, by and large they said 'no'," he said.
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As late as this week, Oregon also had trouble correctlydisplaying information about insurance plans on a test site. Theproblem could mislead customers about deductibles, prices andother details if it occurs on the live site Tuesday.
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Herminio Coloma, a spokesman for Philippine President Benigno Aquino's administration, said: "We condemn the use of violence to kill and maim our countrymen who are peacefully going about their daily lives."
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Other height-boosting factors included higher per capita incomes, more sanitary housing and living conditions, better education about health and nutrition and better social services and health systems.
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The family's relationship with the treatment center has been strained since 2010, when divisions on the board over the center's potential expansions and day-to-day leadership forced Bales from the chairmanship.
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"The heavy precipitation led to the melting of the soft snow and even old ice in the Chorabari and companion glaciers that fed to the Chorabari Lake, which got breached due to excessive water intake from the glaciers," Prof Gupta explained.
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"What the people who live in the region very clearly see is that this is not about choosing one side or the other. It's about choosing potentially one side amongst several others," he said. "So I think it's that degree to which the complexity becomes clearer the closer you get to it."
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Berman fills the void left by Michael Francis, who departed in June 2012 after being hired by Johnson eight months earlier. Francis, who was president and marketing chief, was responsible for marketing a new pricing plan created by Johnson. After Francis left, Johnson himself oversaw marketing, until he was fired in April.
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Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid said today that the Senate is standing by as it awaits a “strange and weird” decision from the House of Representatives that will likely cater to a group of conservative Republicans whom Reid described as “anarchists.”
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He showed that old Cheney irascibility and obduracy the world came to know, and to either love or loath and fear, for more than eight years. But he was forced to address questions that he might normally not have cared to address, and apparently did not confront in the book either.
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"I want to make clear, we have always been committed to anAfghan-led, Afghan-owned process that needs three outcomes: thatthe Taliban must break with the al Qaeda permanently, stop theviolence, accept the Afghan constitution and guarantee equaltreatment for women," said Biden, who is on a four-day trip toIndia.
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In the matter of Janet Yellen versus Larry Summers for the Federal Reserve chair, AFL-CIO President Richard Trumka clearly prefers Yellen, though he stopped just short this morning of formally endorsing the vice chairwoman of the Fed's Board of Governors.
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While his attempt to shift the conversation away from the inflammatory, unproductive argument about race is admirable (especially considering the fact that he so willingly entered that conversation last March), we all know where the Presidentâs call for gun control after the Sandy Hook shooting landed him: Precisely, exactly, nowhere.
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Relief efforts there have been further thwarted by insurgent attacks on rescue convoys, with local officials admitting that teams have been unable to reach thousands of survivors in the worst-hit areas.
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"When they are combined with social protection and othermeasures that increase the incomes of poor families to buy food,they can have an even more positive (effect) and spur ruraldevelopment," they said.
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SC Magazine arms information security professionals with the in-depth, unbiased business and technical information they need to tackle the countless security challenges they face and establish risk management and compliance postures that underpin overall business strategies.
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Voter turnout was expected to be meager anyway because "some are assuming that this existing parliament to be elected will also not last for more than a year," said Shafeeq, Ghabra, a political science professor at Kuwait University.
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But Hollande is unrepentant. The second part of his wager is that a recovery will, by the middle of 2014, kick in enough to create employment by itself. Economists have tended to put that rate at 1.5 percent, but the government thinks otherwise.
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Gold - coming off 12 years of gains - is headed for itsworst annual performance since 1997 on worries global centralbanks will withdraw their easy-money policies of the past fewyears, making the metal less compelling for investors.
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So how will LLCD be tested? The system itself will be launched into the Moon's orbit aboard NASA's Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer (LADEE) next week. Once there, LLCD's primary goal is to send insanely huge amounts of data â hundreds of millions of bits per second â from the Moon to several locations on Earth. To get an idea of how much data that is, think of 100 HD televisions channels being sent to the Earth from the Moon at the same time. LADEE will also be receiving a similar amount of data from Earth. NASA hopes to prove that the laser technology will be able to handle more bandwidth for future missions that are further away than Earth's orbit.
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"I didn't have that at all then. This was much more like the assassination of Sharon and what happened afterwards," the director said, referring to misleading rumors that he was involved in the 1969 murder of his wife, actress Sharon Tate, and her friends, who were killed by the Manson family gang.
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The new rules stunned industry insiders who thought a less far-reaching compromise deal had been struck. âSomethingâs obviously gone wrong,â Dominique Lazanski, a former employee at Yahoo! and Apple, told the Daily Beast. âItâs very strange, theyâve been working on this deal for two years and then, between the negotiating table and Number 10, something changed.â
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With Air Products and Chemicals, Ackman is taking a more low key approach, having not spoken publicly about the stock once even though the hedge fund scored a major victory last week when the company said it would look for a new chief executive and add three independent directors.
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One in four parents are now paying for private tuition for their children to top up their education, according to research published today. The finding will add to worries that the most able students are being neglected in schools â and that poorer students are missing out on help afforded to the more privileged.
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"Sectarianism now rules supreme. The Iraq war and itsaftermath - effectively dividing the country along confessionallines - and then the Syrian civil war, which is already sendingtremors into tense sectarian-ridden Lebanon, create varioustriggers for potentially wider conflicts.
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Another Michigan Representative, John Conyers, is callingfor the House Judiciary Committee to hold hearings on municipalbankruptcy in general and to specifically investigate if theprocess is "being misused" to cut Detroit employees' pensionsand other benefits.
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Since then, Torres has turned the school around by tireless work and inspiring the same dedication from his staff. And heâs helped his students achieve success. PS 55 kids score higher than average on state math and science exams â and the school maintains an exceptional 92% attendance rate.
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Britain should treat the fact that Mr Obama has sent someone so close to the his inner circle as a sign that, despite plenty of hand-wringing to the contrary, the president takes the special relationship very seriously. Mr Barzun still has to be approved by the senate, but that is regarded as a formality.
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As well, Pioneer and Pannar pledged to keep in place forthree years the maize hybrids currently marketed by Pannar, andto retain Pannar's current and replacement hybrid maize seedsand other maize varieties ordinarily sold to developing farmers.The companies also said they intend to maintain for five yearsPannar's breeding programs in South Africa for sunflower, grainsorghum, forage sorghum, wheat, dry beans and soybeans.
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It found elevated levels of cotinine in the blood of children at both ages were strongly related to whether the mother smoked and if so, how heavily - providing "clear evidence" of passive smoking.
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Small investors seeking to mimic the actions of big money managers should be wary because the filings are merely a snapshot of how a top hedge fund's stock holdings looked 45 days earlier. These filings do not reflect more recent buying or selling activity by a fund.
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Yankees assistant general manager Billy Eppler spent time in Japan last month, getting a look at Tanaka. According to reports out of Japan, the Rangers, Red Sox and Diamondbacks were among the other teams that have scouted the righthander in person in recent months.
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In a wide-ranging discussion, Gerard also warned that the United States risks damaging its relationship with Canada because of the delay - now into its sixth year - in approving the Keystone XL pipeline from Alberta to the Gulf of Mexico.
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Texas state Sen. Wendy Davis, who gained national fame with a 10-hour filibuster in June against an abortion-restricting bill, gave what sounded like a carefully crafted campaign speech Monday at the National Press Club in Washington, D.C.
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The looming deadline for the government to hit the debtceiling and government funding measures are complicated byRepublican attempts to use the bills to gut President BarackObama's signature healthcare law, known as "Obamacare."
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âAgain, itâs not necessarily that the decision was based on could (Smith) start or could he not start . . . but also the fact that Mark has practiced extremely well,â Ryan said. âThatâs what kind of led to our decision. Itâs not just one or the other, itâs probably the combination of those two things.â
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EA’s presser at the Palladium Theatre had a strong next-gen focus, as expected, with the announcement of The Sims 4, and new looks at a wide variety of games including the critically-anticipated Titanfall, Battlefield 4, Need for Speed Rivals and more.
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But there are little harbingers of change, as parent groups try to find ways to raise more money and keep it flowing in. A market that has been dominated for years by Scholastic Corp has a growing field of challengers, each of which offers varying incentives.
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Calling his 87-paragraph contracts "unconscionable and unfair," Administrative Law Judge Kay Gardiner found Zouvelos' "unfitness to be license as a bail bond agent ... is overwhelming." She cited one case in which he deducted $7,500 from a collateral after a defendant reported to his office and was driven to a nearby courthouse, explaining that he needed to hire two bounty hunters "just in case."
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The A-Rod story could end up overshadowing a portion of the playoffs, taking the publicâs focus off the field. The hearing could last anywhere from 8-10 days, pushing it into the LCS. This has to be a major concern for Seligula, Turner Sports (which airs the wild-card round, division series and NLCS) and Fox (ALCS, World Series).
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GE last week unveiled a surprise jump in its backlog oforders for locomotives, X-ray machines and scores of otherindustrial products, and Dutch rival Philips this weekreported robust orders for ultrasound and scanning products.
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Safety advocates have been warning for several years that theyâre also seeing more cases of distracted walking. Several studies show that people who are talking on their cellphones while walking make more mistakes.
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Infant milk producer Biostime International Holdings Ltd, which imports most of its products, said on Tuesday its shares had been suspended pending an announcement related to an investigation by Beijing's top economic planning agency.
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MONDAY, July 29 (HealthDay News) -- Many doctors ignore guidelines about the treatment of back pain and instead turn to extensive use of scans like MRIs and the most addictive types of painkillers, new research finds.
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However, women who were overweight or obese and had less-dense breasts - who were about 20 percent of the study population - had no increased risk, "suggesting a large subgroup of women may not be at elevated risk for breast cancer with HRT use," Huo and his colleagues write in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
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Divided into sections depicting motifs such as "Angst", "Melancholy", "Vampire" and "The Kiss", the lithographs, etchings and woodcuts shed light on how Munch refined the printing process and elaborated and reworked his subjects.
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The industry ministry issued orders late Thursday to more than 1,400 companies to cut excess capacity that has led to financial trouble for manufacturers. The affected industries include steel, cement, copper and glass. It requires some companies to close outright.
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Rodriguez is now 2-for-18 with five strikeouts and two hit-by-pitches in his rehab from hip surgery. He is slated to play a final game with High-A Tampa on Sunday afternoon before leaving to head ânorth.â
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Like Roddick's ethically-driven business, King says the MOBO awards have always had to have an awareness of "corporate social responsibility" – making sure it represents and does justice to those artists it has on the show. So far it's ticked all the right boxes. It's helped break down the barriers and stereotypes of what 'music of black origin is'. And long may that continue.
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Consultancy PricewaterhouseCoopers estimates in-game advertising will be a $2.8 billion industry worldwide this year. Carmakers say it is cheaper than product placement in films and they can even collect licensing fees for handing over their vehicle specifications to game developers.
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However, Sirius said a drop in prices would be of moreconcern to miners that have high operating costs, adding thatUralkali's views were more relevant for producers of potassiumchloride, or muriate of potash (MOP).
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In Ohio, Wasserman said the only competitive House race involves freshman Republican David Joyceof Russell Township. But Wasserman said Ohio Republicans have drawn the congressional districtswith such care that it will be difficult for Boehner to lose one of his GOP colleagues.
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6. Two people said the India visa application form asked you to state your religion but that you could not select 'None' as a response. You have to select ‘Other’ and then write ‘None’.
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In an interview with PBS, Obama for the first time said publicly the U.S. has concluded the Syrian government carried out a chemical weapons attack against civilians last week, saying the administration does not believe the countryâs opposition has such weapons at their disposal.
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Fresh & Easy – along with other recent challengers to the old order in the Sacramento market, like Sprouts and Fresh Market – offered customers smaller, boutique-like stores stressing fresh foods. A typical Fresh & Easy, for instance, weighed in at just about 16,000 square feet, far smaller than a traditional supermarket. But experts say most consumers still prefer to shop at larger stores, where they can find everything under one roof. It’s no accident that the fastest-growing grocer in greater Sacramento is Wal-Mart.
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Only the top 100 players in the FedEx Cup advance to the second playoff event next week outside Boston. Geoff Ogilvy could have joined them except for missing a 2½-foot par putt on the final hole that ultimately knocked him out of the top 100.
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The sole so-far confirmed diesel is a common-rail direct-injection 1.5-litre unit with 114bhp and peak torque of 199lb ft. Efficiency is said to improve by seven per cent over the 1.6-litre unit it replaces. All petrol and diesel engines will be offered with new manual and automatic gearboxes, with stop-start.
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$11.8bn of the $20bn trust has already been paid out, and some $1.3bn has been earmarked for claims arising from the seafood industry. Apart from $300m, the rest is an unspecified provision against a variety of possible claims.
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The 49-year-old, who had recently travelled to Saudi Arabia, was admitted to intensive care at St Thomas' Hospital in central London in September with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-nCV).
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But economists and government ministers are publicly divided over whether those 2014 cuts go too far, given Ireland's better-than-expected economic performance following its 2010 bailout by the European Union, European Central Bank and International Monetary Fund. That so-called troika of international creditors three years ago provided Ireland loans worth 67.5 billion euros ($90 billion) when the colossal bill of Ireland's bank-rescue program overwhelmed the government's own ability to keep financing its debts.
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“The debate on ANWR has not kept up with the technology,” Alaska Department of Natural Resources Commissioner Dan Sullivan said at Tuesday’s press conference. “You can literally have a great understanding of what's there without impacting the environmental hardly at all.”
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Using a touch sensitive, Do-It-Yourself stick-on overlay, the Touchkeys smart keyboard can sense multi-touch inputs, similar to the screen of a typical smartphone. The keyboard can sense up-and-down or side-to-side finger movements with up to three touches, all of which can be mapped to different effects. For instance, shaking your hand from side to side can make a chord vibrato, or sliding your fingers up and down the keys can create sounds similar to bending a guitarâs strings.
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