Стиль «Ямато-э»
27 января 2017, 07:53
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Этот характерный для китайской живописи стиль берет свое начало в 1644 году, когда Китай оказался под господством маньчжурской династии Цин. В этот период большое количество китайцев вынуждены были переселиться в Японию. Бежав из Китая, они взяли с собой самое дорогое для них - иллюстрированные книги и картины. Содержание этих книг вызвало в Японии интерес.
Монах Тенсю Сюбун (начало XV в.) и его прославленный ученик Сэссю Тойо (1420–1506) глубоко внедрили в японское художественное сознание это китайское видение живописи и мира. В этот период и появляется стиль ямато-э. В этом стиле соединяются живопись в «японском стиле» с китайской абстракцией – живописью ярких красок и старинной национальной традицией.
Подлинная школа ямато-э использует главным образом минеральные краски, которые смешиваются с клеем. Интенсивность полученного цвета зависит от тонкости порошка: чем тоньше порошок, тем светлее цвет. Наложенные на плоскость, то есть на основу шелка или бумаги, эти цвета становятся интенсивнее, глубже, усиленные стремлением к идеализму — общей направленностью японских художников, не слишком озабоченных достижением точного сходства.
Как и китайская живопись, японская, за исключением отдельных портретов, мало использует тень. Если потребность в этом оказывается настоятельной, то используют прием, который называется каэригума и состоит в том, чтобы еще больше высветлить именно светлые фрагменты, вместо того чтобы усилить тень.
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Millions are expected to travel to Mecca in October for the haj pilgrimage, but Saudi authorities have cut the number of visas this year, citing safety concerns over expansion work at the main mosque site.
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Exemplars of the monstrousness are the drunken Epps and his cruel wife (Sarah Paulson). Epps is obsessed with his young slave Patsey (heartbreaking newcomer Lupita Nyongâo), telling his jealous wife heâd divorce her before heâd sell Patsey. Then Epps sits unflinching as Patsey is beaten during late-night dances in which the exhausted slavesâ forced decorum is a macabre echo of the affairs Northup once performed at.
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"The Interior Ministry is a mess of divisions. Some departments are now in the hands of Ennahda, others are holdovers from the former regime," said Tunisian analyst Youssef Welati. "I don't think they have any kind of decisive role. And neither does the army. The most they can do is decide not to suppress protests."
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A soldier from the United States Army's Charlie Company, 1-12 Infantry, 4th Brigade, 4th Infantry Division keeps watch at night at Observation Post Mustang in Afghanistan's Kunar Province June 5, 2012.
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Det Ch Insp Andy Redwood, the senior Metropolitan Police investigating officer, said a number of men had been seen by witnesses in the area on the day Madeleine vanished and one theory was they could have been carrying out reconnaissance.
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Webster is confident this can be a bounce-back year for him and for the Giants defense, which was the second-worst in the NFL last season. This year, he said, they âwant to be a Top 5 or even the best defense in the leagueâ and he fully expects to be a huge part of that revival. Heâs already reenergized by the sight of former Giants cornerback Sam Madison, who was so instrumental in Websterâs development earlier in his career, spending the next three weeks as a coaching intern with the Giants.
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Shown to be effective in numerous trial runs, the system works by using sensors to detect small P waves, the first sign that an earthquake is about to occur. By analyzing the P waves, scientists can quickly calculate how large the much more damaging S waves will be, and alert officials what is on the way.
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One of the better-known U.S. examples of a dividend loangoing wrong was Simmons Bedding Co. The Atlanta-based companyfiled for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in November 2009,with $1 billion of debt on its books after buyout firm Thomas H.Lee Partners recapped twice.
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Some tourists from around the U.S. and abroad left lower Manhattan disappointed Tuesday after they couldn't visit the Statue of Liberty, which is closed to visitors amid the federal government shutdown.
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The Democratic-run Senate passed its version of the farmbill on June 10 - a five-year, $500 billion measure that wouldexpand taxpayer-subsidized crop insurance and make small cuts tofood stamp funding.
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"It confirms that the economy has stabilised in the shortterm and downside risks for (the second half of the year) havedeclined," said Zhiwei Zhang, China economist at Nomura in HongKong said of the PMI.
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Dalli has consistently denied knowledge of the alleged bribery, saying he was the victim of an attempt by the tobacco industry and former Commission colleagues to block tough anti-tobacco proposals that he was due to announce. He is suing the Commission for wrongful dismissal in the European courts.
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This was based on a blog written by NewLease head of Cloud strategy, Stephen Parker, who was at the session. The blog has now been removed, but ZDnet got a screenshot of the blog and posted it in the story, where Parker wrote that Australia is being used as pilot geography in Microsoft's plans to open up Surface access to more resellers.
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A total of 1,336 people died of infectious diseases in China in June. AIDS caused 966 deaths last month, according to a statement issued by the commission. Tuberculosis was the second-biggest killer, claiming 125 lives.
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Resources giant BHP Billiton is looking to offloadthe Gregory Crinum coal operation in Queensland, which itjointly owns with Japan's Mitsubishi Corp. Global minerRio Tinto is also looking to sell its Clermont coalmine and a 29 per cent stake in its Coal & Allied business.
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Shaheen suggested extending open enrollment to "providegreater flexibility for the American people seeking to accesshealth insurance." Shaheen also asked the White House, in lightof difficulties with the Healthcare.gov website, to clarify howone provision of the law - that all Americans obtain healthinsurance or face a tax penalty starting next year - will beadministered and enforced.
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LUXEMBOURG, Oct 13 (Reuters) - Euro zone countries willconsider on Monday how to pay for the repair of their brokenbanks after health checks next year that are expected to uncoverproblems that have festered since the financial crisis.
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The agency, which offers private mortgage lenders guaranteesagainst homeowner default, has nearly exhausted its reserves forthe mortgages it backs. Housing officials have yet to determinehow much money the FHA may need to draw, the sources said.
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Ken Salazar, Jewell's predecessor, said on a press call Thursday that the interim measure demonstrates the importance of parks to the nation and its economy. He said the shutdown of national parks is costing $76 million a day.
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In advance of a Friday afternoon conference where a federal judge, Apple and the DOJ will meet to discuss Apple’s punishment in the ebook pricing case, both sides submitted new filings and Kobo and the Consumer Federation of America jumped in as well.
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** Private equity firm Odyssey Investment Partners LLC isexploring a sale of TNT Crane & Rigging Inc, one of the largestU.S. crane service providers, in a deal that could fetch morethan $800 million, three people familiar with the matter saidthis week.
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HP's leadership has been in tumult since the 2010 departureof CEO Mark Hurd over sexual harassment allegations, which hehas denied. Current CEO Whitman took the top job in September2011 after predecessor Leo Apotheker's brief stint, which wasmarked by slashed earnings forecasts and a plunge in thecompany's share price.
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