Стиль «Ямато-э»
27 января 2017, 07:53
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Этот характерный для китайской живописи стиль берет свое начало в 1644 году, когда Китай оказался под господством маньчжурской династии Цин. В этот период большое количество китайцев вынуждены были переселиться в Японию. Бежав из Китая, они взяли с собой самое дорогое для них - иллюстрированные книги и картины. Содержание этих книг вызвало в Японии интерес.
Монах Тенсю Сюбун (начало XV в.) и его прославленный ученик Сэссю Тойо (1420–1506) глубоко внедрили в японское художественное сознание это китайское видение живописи и мира. В этот период и появляется стиль ямато-э. В этом стиле соединяются живопись в «японском стиле» с китайской абстракцией – живописью ярких красок и старинной национальной традицией.
Подлинная школа ямато-э использует главным образом минеральные краски, которые смешиваются с клеем. Интенсивность полученного цвета зависит от тонкости порошка: чем тоньше порошок, тем светлее цвет. Наложенные на плоскость, то есть на основу шелка или бумаги, эти цвета становятся интенсивнее, глубже, усиленные стремлением к идеализму — общей направленностью японских художников, не слишком озабоченных достижением точного сходства.
Как и китайская живопись, японская, за исключением отдельных портретов, мало использует тень. Если потребность в этом оказывается настоятельной, то используют прием, который называется каэригума и состоит в том, чтобы еще больше высветлить именно светлые фрагменты, вместо того чтобы усилить тень.
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The 13-time All-Star made a couple of nice plays on balls he had to charge, but he committed a throwing error in the fifth inning and was spared another when first baseman Dan Johnson scooped his bounced throw in the first. He also double-clutched a flip to second base on a play that was scored a hit, and he threw late to third on a grounder in the hole.
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The White House announced last week that the president would visit Amazon's Chattanooga fulfillment center to give the first in a series of policy speeches on the "better bargain for the middle class." The speech at Amazon will focus on manufacturing, high-wage jobs and overall American job creation.
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An Irish minister on Tuesday criticised the internationaldrinks firm Diageo for inventing a "pseudo-nationalholiday" to market its products, not least the Dublin-brewedGuinness - part of a growing backlash against "Arthur's Day".
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Afterwards, respect mounted for players on both sides playing through major injuries: Boston center Patrice Bergeron said he played Game 6 with a broken rib and a shoulder he separated Monday night. Blackhawks winger Marian Hossa said he had a disc in his back pushing against a nerve, causing his foot to numb and impede his skating.
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Republican U.S. Senator Lindsey Graham said he introduced the amendment to try to get the attention of any country that might take in Snowden, not Russia in particular, although he noted Moscow has lined up against the United States on other issues, including the civil war in Syria.
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About 10 to 15 attackers, believed to be from the Somalia-based Islamist radical militia al-Shabab, stormed into the mall on Saturday with guns blazing, shooting dozens of people. The attackers were a âmultinationalâ group, Kenyan officials say.
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The fund's rules require selling certain types of holdings once they drop, in some cases if they fall as little as 4%. By early 2008, Sierra had dumped most of its equities and thus lost just 3% that year as the broad market sank 37%.
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