Стиль «Ямато-э»
27 января 2017, 07:53
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Этот характерный для китайской живописи стиль берет свое начало в 1644 году, когда Китай оказался под господством маньчжурской династии Цин. В этот период большое количество китайцев вынуждены были переселиться в Японию. Бежав из Китая, они взяли с собой самое дорогое для них - иллюстрированные книги и картины. Содержание этих книг вызвало в Японии интерес.
Монах Тенсю Сюбун (начало XV в.) и его прославленный ученик Сэссю Тойо (1420–1506) глубоко внедрили в японское художественное сознание это китайское видение живописи и мира. В этот период и появляется стиль ямато-э. В этом стиле соединяются живопись в «японском стиле» с китайской абстракцией – живописью ярких красок и старинной национальной традицией.
Подлинная школа ямато-э использует главным образом минеральные краски, которые смешиваются с клеем. Интенсивность полученного цвета зависит от тонкости порошка: чем тоньше порошок, тем светлее цвет. Наложенные на плоскость, то есть на основу шелка или бумаги, эти цвета становятся интенсивнее, глубже, усиленные стремлением к идеализму — общей направленностью японских художников, не слишком озабоченных достижением точного сходства.
Как и китайская живопись, японская, за исключением отдельных портретов, мало использует тень. Если потребность в этом оказывается настоятельной, то используют прием, который называется каэригума и состоит в том, чтобы еще больше высветлить именно светлые фрагменты, вместо того чтобы усилить тень.
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Those in the treatment group underwent three cycles of ischemic preconditioning. Each cycle involved inflating a blood pressure cuff on the patientsâ upper left arm for five minutes, followed by five-minutes of regular blood flow, Thielman said. Members of the preconditioning group were found to have significantly less cardiac damage in the first three days after the surgery than those in the control group, the Forbes writer added.
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So it should come as no surprise that World Peace is part of something called the âMetta World Peace Presents, âI Wanna Be Heardâ Comedy Tour, Hosted by Ron Artest.â (Yes, somehow Metta World Peace AND Ron Artest are appearing. We are pretty sure only one of them is suiting up for the Knicks.)
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Power production at lignite plants in Poland already increased by 3.7 percent year-on-year in 2012, while hard coal-fired plants lowered their output by almost 7 percent, data from Polish grid operator PSE shows.
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When the TTP and its associates kill, injure, maim, disable humans (men, women, and children) and destroy public benefit and security projects and buildings, the highest echelons of morality and righteous behavior are reserved for them. And when they are caught, tried, and sentenced, they threaten action and revenge. They must understand that religion and morality are not two way streets. "If one plays with fire, then one must be prepared to get burned," is an adage. The geography of Afghanistan has never been at peace due to its harsh terrain and environment. The inhabitants have been honed by the environment to be what they are and remain divided and at odds with each other. It will be difficult to manage peace with them. Salams
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Morsi and his top aides have been held incommunicado at unknown locations since the military coup. The ouster of Morsi, Egypt's first democratically elected president, came after four days of mass protests in Cairo and elsewhere demanding he step down for abusing his power.
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But House Speaker John Boehner took matters into his own hands and crafted a House resolution for a Churchill bust, though not the version from the British Government, to sit among history's greatest figures at the U.S. Capitol.
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A small update on Koscielny is that after suffering that very nasty cut to the head near the eye, he is still getting stitches in the away dressing room. Meanwhile on the pitch, Arsenal still calling the shots.
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St. Louis Federal Reserve Bank President James Bullard saidon Friday a cut in the Fed's $85 billion monthly bond purchasebeginning in October was possible. However, he later said lowinflation meant the Fed can be patient in deciding when to scaleback its pace of asset purchases.
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BEIJING/HONG KONG - China reiterated its opposition on Thursday to a European Union plan to limit airline carbon dioxide emissions and called for talks to resolve the issue a day after its major airlines refused to pay any carbon costs under the new law.
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Federal officials said it could take at least another day to open the main highway to Acapulco, which was hit by more than 13 landslides from surrounding hills, and to bring food and relief supplies into the city of more than 800,000 people.
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Instead, Republican disapproval ratings have plummeted in public opinion polls in the past two weeks, vindicating warnings from Boehner, McConnell and other party elders that the original strategy of threatening to shut down the government in hopes of wiping out the overhaul was badly flawed.
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Batista's departure from OGX would allow the formerbillionaire to free himself of an obligation under a put optionto invest up to $1 billion of new capital into the company.Former CEO Carneiro led a push to get Batista to pay $100million of that put option before year-end after board membersrepresenting minority shareholders, normally charged withcontrol over the option, quit.
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The 51-year-old son of Dominican immigrants, Perez toldReuters in an interview that his Labor Department will be atough labor law enforcer and pursue the kind of litigation thatyielded a record $280 million in back wages for workers in 2012.
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“To start with we just wanted to build a film studio,” said Mr Wang. “But the return on investment would have been relatively low. So we wanted the strong cash flow from hotels, entertainment and so on.” It is all a far cry from his youth, as a skinny 15-year-old in the PLA, when his basic training saw him march for two months, and 750 miles, through snow and ice. Mr Wang, whose father was a soldier before becoming a high-ranking government official, initially dreamed of being a general. Then, when the army was slimmed down in the 1990s, he was discharged and became a government official.
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Rouhani's interview appeared to be the latest signal by the centrist cleric - that has included a recent letter exchange with U.S. President Barack Obama - aimed at improving relations between Iran and the West after years of hostility.
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Sage Chief Executive Guy Berruyer said in an interview that good news on the British economy in the last six months, including the IMF upgrading its growth forecast earlier this month, had filtered down to SMEs.
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The State Administration for Industry and Commerce (SAIC), aregulator in charge of market supervision, kicked off a separatethree-month investigation into bribery in the pharmaceutical andmedical services sector on Thursday.
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The company said it would invest 50 billion yen of theequity raised in its TV and display unit, where overseas saleshave been pinched by a strong yen and competition from rivalssuch as Apple Inc and Samsung Electronics Co Ltd.
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Also wrapped up in the stalemate over government funding is the State Department’s increased request for $2.2 billion in security funds for the next fiscal year, another recommendation by the Accountability Review Board and a step the department has touted.
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âAn Ipsos MORI poll commissioned by Royal Mail found that there is little public support for a strike. 72% of the British public say that the CWU should accept the pay offer from Royal Mail and call off the plans to strike.
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Scientists are eager to gather that data while they still can because ISON, coming from outside the solar system, is a rare opportunity to see what sorts of materials were left over when stars and planets formed in the early universe.
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"I never intended to disrespect Italy's sovereignty — quite to the contrary," Robert Seldon Lady, a former U.S. consular officer based in Milan, wrote in the four-page letter obtained Thursday by The Associated Press.
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The Fed has bought some $3 trillion worth of assets since it launched quantitative easing in 2008. Much of that money has found its way into stocks in developing economies as investors ventured into more risky assets.
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He added: “In the meantime, billions of pounds of investment, the creation of tens of thousands of green-collar jobs and the ribbon-cutting ceremonies at big wind turbine factories in some of the most economically-deprived parts of Britain hang tantalisingly in the balance.”
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Walker has won seven England caps but, with Johnson and Jones injured, the only alternatives for him at right-back would be to ask a central defender, such as Chris Smalling or Phil Jagielka, to move from their usual position.
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"Draghi and Merkel are in a staring match," said an EUofficial, describing a situation in which the ECB presidentwants member states to act while German Chancellor AngelaMerkel, as the most powerful leader, proceeds withcharacteristic caution.
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Eastwood shot to international fame as "the man with no name" in "spaghetti Westerns" such as "The Good, the Bad and the Ugly" in the 1960s and as the "no holds barred" cop in the 1970s "Dirty Harry" movies.
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